Common raven

Apart from the breeding season, common ravens live in flocks, where there is a strict hierarchy. Breeding season begins in late winter when breeding pairs court each other using skillful aerial acrobatics.

Raven couples nest every year in the same location, usually in a large tree or on a cliff ledge. Common ravens have a wide range of different vocalizations. Living in large groups is probably the most important factor that has affected the formation of intelligence in common ravens and other birds of the crow family.